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Conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, and metabolic syndrome can be linked to higher MPV. An increased MPV has also been identified as a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events, including heart attacks and strokes. Thyroid imbalances can influence MPV levels.
An MPV test calculates the average platelet size in a blood sample to get a clearer picture of the health of these blood cells. Abnormal results may signal a blood disorder or condition that affects your bone marrow.
It is caused by underlying conditions that trigger the overproduction. An infection, anemia, blood loss, cancer, or recent surgery can cause thrombocytosis. Inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, connective tissue disease, or inflammatory bowel disease can also result in thrombocytosis.
When MPV blood test results are low or high, either could indicate the need for further testing. Learn about the possible causes behind the numbers.
If the MPV is high and the platelet count is also high (thrombocytosis) it is usually due to an infection or an inflammation. A high MPV increases the risk to suffer a heart disease.
A persistently high mean platelet volume (MPV) is most commonly caused by myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), such as essential thrombocythemia (ET) or polycythemia vera (PV), as well as other conditions like chronic inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, and iron or vitamin deficiencies.
Lifestyle factors such as smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and obesity have been associated with increased MPV levels, indicating a higher risk of blood clot formation.
Several factors can cause variations in MPV levels. For high MPV, inflammation, autoimmune diseases, health issues like depression, and certain types of cancer are common contributors, with endothelial cells and platelet activation playing key roles.
Systemic inflammation and infections are common culprits behind an elevated MPV. When the body is fighting off an infection or dealing with a chronic inflammatory condition, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or rheumatoid arthritis, it can trigger an immune response.
Causes of an increased MPV are given below. Also note, that low numbers of large platelets may not increase the MPV (which represents the mean) above reference intervals.