怎样分辨 π-π 共轭，p-π 共轭，σ-p 和 σ-π 超共轭？ - 知乎

如果与重键碳原子相邻的那个原子上有平行于π键的p轨道，比如说含孤对电子的卤素、氧原子、氮原子，p轨道里有两个电子的碳负，只有一个电子的自由基或者没有电子的空的p轨道，都可以形成p-π共轭. 分别举例就是：

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